Employment Practices Liability covers claims brought by employees, former employees, and applicants: wrongful termination, discrimination, harassment, retaliation, failure to promote, and hostile work environment. Defense costs sit inside the limit, and defense is where most of the money goes — the majority of these matters settle or are dismissed, but rarely before six figures of legal spend.
Frequency is the argument for buying it. A technology company is far more likely to face an employment claim than a securities claim or a catastrophic breach, and the probability rises sharply with headcount, with distributed hiring across states, and with any reduction in force. California, New York, New Jersey, and Illinois are meaningfully more active jurisdictions than the national average.
Third-party EPLI — claims by customers, vendors, or contractors alleging discrimination or harassment by your staff — is a common and inexpensive extension worth adding for any company with a field, sales, or support function.