Cyber liability does two jobs. The first-party side pays your costs when something goes wrong inside your environment: the forensics firm, breach counsel, notification, credit monitoring, the ransom decision, restoring corrupted data, and the revenue you lost while systems were down. The third-party side pays when someone sues you — a customer whose records were exposed, a regulator opening an inquiry, a card brand assessing PCI fines.
For technology companies, cyber is rarely bought alone. It is usually packaged with Technology Errors & Omissions on a single form, from a single carrier, with a shared limit. That structure matters: when a customer sues after an outage, the claim can be part professional-services failure and part security failure, and a combined form removes the argument about which policy responds.
The market has also gotten specific about controls. Multi-factor authentication on email and remote access, endpoint detection, tested backups, and privileged access management are effectively underwriting prerequisites for meaningful limits. Getting the application right is most of the pricing outcome.